Source: https://www.marksei.com/linux-users-groups-tutorial/ User basics Linux Users are users of the system, they can be either used by a human or they can be used by a software such as a web server or a database. The latter are also known as system users. There is no clear way to tell the difference between a system user and a human user, the former tend to have names associated...
Read More
Source: https://www.marksei.com/how-to-install-nextcloud-18-on-ubuntu/ NextCloud is a Dropbox-like solution for self-hosted file sharing and syncing. Installing NextCloud 18 on Ubuntu is trivial. Step 1: Install software Important I take NO responsibility of what you do with your machine; use this tutorial as a guide and remember you can possibly cause data loss if you touch things carelessly. The first step in order to install NextCloud 18 is to install a web server...
Read More
Disable directory listing on Apache; but access to individual files should be allowed. If you are using Debian/Ubuntu, just go to terminal and type sudo a2dismod autoindex sudo service apache2 restart If you are using Centos/Fedora, just do: mv /etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.bkp /etc/init.d/httpd restart # sudo a2dismod autoindex WARNING: The following essential module will be disabled. This might result in unexpected behavior and should NOT be done unless you know exactly what you are doing! autoindex To continue...
Read More
Step 1: Ensure Passwords Expire In most cases, passwords are configured to expire every 60 to 90 days. If you want to configure Ubuntu to force users to change password regularly, you can run the commands below to open the login.defs file. sudo vi /etc/login.defs For example, if you want account password to be changed every 60 days, and the number of days before it changes again, edit the...
Read More
File variable is an array and $files expands to the first element as you have noticed. To execute chmod on all elements of the array, use chmod +x "${files[@]}" ...
Read More
Here are instructions for obtaining a Let's Encrypt certificate using the same webserver you are using as a proxy. Requesting your initial certificate from Let's Encrypt Modify your server clause to allow the subdirectory .well-known to be served from a local directory, eg: server { listen 80; server_name sub.domain.com www.sub.domain.com; […] location /.well-known { ...
Read More